CONTENTS: The Linnaeus Apostles
Global Science & Adventure, 8 Volumes
The publication of a major international series of eight volumes - in all 11 books and 5,000 pages - has been in preparation since the beginning of this century under the overall title of The Linnaeus Apostles - Global Science & Adventure. All the accounts of the apostles' journeys to every continent will be published here for the first time in English; those of the apostles who left no travel journals are described through their correspondence or other sources. In the introductory and concluding volumes world experts in various subject fields will provide accounts of the 18th century, of Linnaeus, of travelling and the hardships of field work, together with biographies and a comprehensive new bibliography of the publications of the apostles.
Volume One: INTRODUCTION. Authors: Professor Gunnar Broberg, Taxidermist Ragnar Edberg, Professor Ulla Ehrensvärd, MA. Anders Ericsson, Professor emeritus Gunnar Eriksson, PhD. Karl Grandin, Textile historian Viveka Hansen, Professor emeritus Staffan Helmfrid, Professor Carl Linnaeus, Naturalist Henry Smeathman, Docent Per Sörbom and Professor Sverker Sörlin.
Volume Two: EUROPE - ARCTIC - ASIA. Authors/Apostles: Anton Rolandsson Martin and Johan Peter Falck.
Volume Three: EUROPE - NORTH & SOUTH AMERICA. Authors/Apostles: Pehr Kalm, Pehr Löfling and Daniel Rolander.
Volume Four: EUROPE - MIDDLE EAST - NORTH EAST & WEST AFRICA. Authors/Apostles: Göran Rothman, Fredrik Hasselquist, Pehr Forsskål, Andreas Berlin and Adam Afzelius
Volume Five: SOUTHERN AFRICA - OCEANIA - ANTARCTICA - SOUTH AMERICA. Authors/Apostles: Anders Sparrman.
Volume Six: EUROPE - SOUTHERN AFRICA - EAST-, SOUTHERN- & SOUTHEAST ASIA. Authors/Apostles: Carl Peter Thunberg.
Volume Seven: EUROPE - SOUTHERN AFRICA - OCEANIA - SOUTH AMERICA - EAST-, SOUTHERN- & SOUTHEAST ASIA. Authors/Apostles: Pehr Osbeck, Olof Torén, Carl Fredrik Adler, Christopher Tärnström and Daniel Solander.
Volume Eight: ENCYCLOPÆDIA. Authors: The Editors, Professor emeritus Bertil Nordenstam and Linnaeus bibliophile Torbjörn Lindell.
ISBN: 978-1-904145-26-4 (for complete set of eight volumes, eleven books)
For more detailed information for each volume, please click on the tabs below...
VOLUME SEVEN
BACKGROUND
In Volumes Two to Seven, divided into a total of nine books, the experiences of the 17 apostles during their various journeys are presented. The division into volumes has been undertaken on a geographical basis, but each apostle's text constitutes a separate unit within the respective volumes. Out of respect for each apostle's text the decision was taken to dispense with the use of modern commentaries, so that the published texts will instead be seen as unique observations that form a basis for further research and inspiration. The selection of published texts has been undertaken in a descending order of priority according to the following principles:
Where published texts exists, these have been used when they have been regarded as being the qualitatively best ones from a scientific and descriptive point of view.
If a published text has not previously been translated into English, it has been used as the basis for a translation.
If the text has not been published or some other forms of original material (original manuscript, journal, diary or correspondence) exist that have been judged to provide a better basis, these have been used for translation and publication.
If a journey has not been fully published or has only been partly translated, points 1 to 3 above have in some cases been combined in chronological order by assembling the material into a single unit.
If no original materials exists, the written material produced by fellow travellers (manuscript, journal, diary or correspondence) during the same journey has been used for translation and publication.
The methods used by the TRANSLATORS and TRANSCRIBERS in working on some of the apostles' texts were to a certain extent determined by the circumstances that prevailed in the 18th century. We have relied on a tried and tested tradition with well-established rules regarding historical manuscripts in order to reproduce the texts correctly. Exceptions to that have been made with regard to references to illustrations in previous editions as well as to secondary texts (i.e. texts not derived from the apostles themselves in earlier editions), which have been omitted from the present text when regarded as irrelevant to the present edition. No attempt has been made to imitate the linguistic usage of the 18th century, the main aim having been to present the information and the content as such. The same applies to the transcription of names, though these have naturally followed the usage in the original texts. In the case of extensive lists of purely scientific descriptions - in some cases in Latin or German - in the original works the text has been reduced in size in this edition as compared with their original form.
As each published text has an individual identity, which must be treated with respect for variations in background and individual idiosyncrasies within the overall framework, it will display a unique structure and style. In order to document the source materials and mode of procedure and as a guide to how each apostle's text has been dealt with, each one is followed by TRANSLATOR'S AND TRANSCRIBER'S NOTES compiled by those responsible for the translation and transcription of the respective texts.
The selection of MAPS and ILLUSTRATIONS has followed the points listed above, allowing for the fact that illustrations from earlier publications have varied to some extent in the various language editions. The reproductions of maps and illustrations are, as far as it has been possible and justifiable, in the original scale, and they have been placed in their original positions in the texts. Stains and damage etc. in the source material has been removed with some care, as these have been judged to be less significant than when reproducing a unique document, while the grey scales of the original editions have been adjusted to present-day paper and printing techniques.
CONTENTS: VOLUME SEVEN.
This volume - EUROPE, SOUTHERN AFRICA, OCEANIA, SOUTH AMERICA, EAST, SOUTHERN & SOUTHEAST ASIA - contains the accounts recovered after PEHR OSBECK, OLOF TORÉN, CARL FREDRIK ADLER, CHRISTOPHER TÄRNSTRÖM and DANIEL SOLANDER. Unique interdisciplinary documents with a geographical spread extending from Europe to South Africa, India, China, Vietnam, French Polynesia, Australia, New Zealand, New Guinea, Java, Brazil, Argentina... The volume is illustrated with plates.
TITLE: THE LINNAEUS APOSTLES - GLOBAL SCIENCE & ADVENTURE. EUROPE, SOUTHERN AFRICA, OCEANIA, SOUTH AMERICA, EAST-, SOUTHERN- & SOUTHEAST ASIA. VOLUME SEVEN. PEHR OSBECK, OLOF TORÉN, CARL FREDRIK ADLER, CHRISTOPHER TÄRNSTRÖM, DANIEL SOLANDER.
SUBTITLE 1: PEHR OSBECK'S JOURNAL. Sweden - Spain - Java - China - Ascension.
SOURCE 1: A Voyage to China and the East Indies, by Peter Osbeck, in two volumes, London MDCCLXXI.
LANGUAGE: English, (Scientific names in Latin. Vocabulary in Chinese).
Transcribed by Viveka Hansen.
SUBTITLE 2: OLOF TORÉN'S LETTERS. Sweden - Madeira - India - China - Ascension.
SOURCE 2: A Voyage to Suratte, China, &.c, From the 1st of April, 1750, to the 26th of June, 1752, by Olof Toreen, as an appendix in; A Voyage to China and the East Indies, by Peter Osbeck, in two volumes, London MDCCLXXI.
LANGUAGE: English, (Scientific names in Latin).
Transcribed by Viveka Hansen.
SUBTITLE 3: CARL FREDRIK ADLER'S LETTER. China.
SOURCE 3: Letter, originally in Swedish.
LANGUAGE: English.
Translated by Eivor Cormack.
SUBTITLE 4: CHRISTOPHER TÄRNSTRÖM'S JOURNAL. Sweden - Spain - Java - Vietnam.
SOURCE 4: Christopher Tärnström's Journal. Translated from the Swedish; Christopher Tärnströms Journal, En resa mellan Europa och Sydostasien år 1746, London - Whitby 2005.
LANGUAGE: English, (Scientific names and shorter description of these in Latin).
Translated by Eivor Cormack and Transcribed by Kristina Söderpalm.
SUBTITLE 5: DANIEL SOLANDER'S JOURNEYS. England - Madeira - Brazil - Argentina - French Polynesia - New Zealand - Australia - Papua New Guinea - Java - South Africa - St: Helena - Scotland - Iceland.
SOURCE 5: The transcribing has been completed from Daniel Solander's letters and the below cited travel companion's accounts of the journeys.
1. Joseph Banks. The Endeavour Journal of Joseph Banks - 1768-1771. MS in Botanical Library, Natural History Museum, London.
2. James Cook. Journal on H.M.S. Endeavour. MS. copy, State Library of New South Wales, Australia, Safe 1/71.
3. Sydney Parkinson. A Journal of a voyage to the south seas in his Majesty's ship The Endeavour, London 1784.
4. Letters written by Daniel Solander, concerning the journeys or preparation for the journeys.
- Letters to John Ellis, Linnean Society of London, Linnaeus Correspondence, volume XVII.
- Letter to John Ellis, published in Gentleman's Magazine, vol. 39, 1769, p. 530-531.
- Letter to Lord Morton, source British Library, Additional Manuscript 35350.
- Letter to James Lind, Dixson Library, State Library of New South Wales, MS. Q160.
5. An unknown person on Endeavour, continued to write Sydney Parkinson's account of the journey, after his death. A Journal of a voyage to the south seas in his Majesty's ship The Endeavour, London 1784.
6. Joseph Banks. Journals of a Voyage up Great Britain's west coast and to Iceland. MS. in the Redpath Library, McGill University.
7. Uno von Troil. Letters on Iceland, from Voyages and Travels in all parts of the World. Edited by John Pinkerton, London 1808.
LANGUAGE: English, (Scientific names in Latin).
Transcribed by Viveka Hansen and Olof G. Tandberg.
ISBN: 978-1-904145-24-0
EDITOR-IN-CHIEF: Lars Hansen
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VOLUME SEVEN 
EUROPE, THE ARCTIC & ASIA 
