NATURAE OBSERVATIO
SPITSBERGEN - Science Expeditions
€225.00
This monograph provides in-depth knowledge that can be used in various ways, inviting readers to explore it from different perspectives. It serves as a rare resource for specialised scientific readers while also offering a new overview of this Arctic world for those with a general interest in the subject – a world that very few have had the chance to visit. Suppose you prefer to use this volume as an archive to uncover new insights and rediscover forgotten knowledge. In that case, it provides a portfolio of extensive texts, illustrations, charts and unique foldouts designed to stimulate fresh thoughts. Each chapter includes newly written texts and illustrations, which can be easily searched through a comprehensive subject index.
Thus, this is both a book and a portfolio that spans vast geographical areas and different topics. Many participants have contributed to the content, each possessing specialised and extensive knowledge in their respective fields. To be part of this publication, you must have visited Spitsbergen and actively engaged in fieldwork related to the topics you write about. This ensures a combination of practical observations and theoretical concepts, embodying a true and classic scientific spirit.
The work has its roots in 1758, on a cold summer day along the rugged west coast of Spitsbergen, where the Arctic Ocean meets a lowland flanked by mountains, a group of sailors, hunters, and a naturalist from the whaling ship de Visser disembarked to gather eggs and down. In this group, 28-year-old Anton Rolandsson Martin participated in carrying out scientific observations in the Arctic landscape at sea and on land. He was one of the so-called Linnaeus Apostles, who, on behalf of the naturalist Carl Linnaeus and various scientific associations, documented natural and cultural history around the world.
In modern times, between 2016 and 2020, The IK Foundation and other organisations conducted six expeditions along the route described by Anton Rolandsson Martin in his Spitsbergen Journal. This project, called THE BRIDGE BUILDER EXPEDITIONS, focuses on bridging natural sciences across various subjects and entities, connecting the past, present, and future. It centred on the location where Rolandsson Martin landed in July 1758, along the western coast of Prince Charles Foreland, now Prins Karls Forland. For 12 months, an autonomous field station – the first of its kind – was established as FIELD STATION | NATURAE OBSERVATIO | MARTIN’S EYE, resulting in 2,074,053 observations over the landscape visited by Rolandsson Martin 260 years ago!
This publication features 250 hand-bound copies showcasing the latest scientific insights. It is beautifully designed with in-depth details, including text sections, maps, diagrams, pictures, artworks, timelines, and large fold-outs. More than a book, it is a mastery portfolio that inspires appreciation for a delicate, wild part of our Planet Earth.
Please find further information about the content and the writers below. This publication is probably the most comprehensive scientific work on this subject.
Writers: Arne Ardeberg, Kristine Bakke Westergaard, Georg Bangjord, Måns Bergendal, Winfried Dallmann, Julian Dowdeswell, Ian Gjertz, Harald Gjøsæter, Jonas Hagström, Lars Hansen, Viveka Hansen, Ólafur Ingólfsson, Martin Jakobsson, Nina Kirchner, Jan Mangerud, Fridtjof Mehlum, Anders Moberg, Riko Noormets and Grace Shephard. |
Institutions & Organisations: The IK Foundation, England & EU; Institute of Marine Research, Norway; Lund University, Sweden; Måns Bergendal Watercolours, Sweden; Norwegian Natural History Museum, Norway; The Norwegian Institute for Nature Research (NINA), Norway; Norwegian Polar Club, Norway; Norwegian Polar Institute, Norway; Norwegian University of Science & Technology, NTNU University Museum, Norway; Scott Polar Research Institute, University of Cambridge, England; Stockholm University, Sweden; Swedish Natural History Museum, Sweden; The University of Bergen, Norway; University Centre in Svalbard, Svalbard; The University of Iceland, Iceland; The University of Oslo, Norway. |
Language: English. |
Series: Mundus Linnæi No VI (Monograph). |
Format: 302 x 205 mm | 400 pages plus 46 pages of six large-sized, extended fold-outs. |
Binding: Cloth bound volume, classically elegant sewn headband and two bookmarks. Hand-bound at the well-known bookbinder Majgren's in København, Denmark. |
Additional information: Printed in only 250 uniquely numbered copies. The publication was designed, edited, printed, and bound in Europe (England, Scotland, Sweden, and Denmark). |
Classifications: Archaeology, Arctic research, Art, Astronomy, Atlases & Maps, Bibliographies, Biography, Biology, Costume, Economics (History of), Environment, Exploration & Discovery, Fishing & Hunting, Geography (Spitsbergen & Global), Geology & Palaeontology, History, History of Science, International law, Maritime, Meteorology, Natural History, Oceanography, Photography, Science, Shipping & Ships, Technique & Instruments,Trade & Commerce, Transport and Travel History. |
Editorial: Editor-in-chief: Lars Hansen | Editorial Secretary: Viveka Hansen | Subject Editors: (The Chronicle) Viveka Hansen, (The Area | The Earth & The Area | Water) Martin Jakobsson, (The Area | Organic) Fridtjof Mehlum, (The Area | The Sky) Arne Ardeberg, & (Naturae Observatio) Lars Hansen and (Bridges) Lars Hansen. |
Editorial Board: Arne Ardeberg, Viveka Hansen & Lars Hansen. |
Artwork | Design | Maps/Charts: Studio IK: Graham Scott, Adam Proctor, Jeff Snoxell et al. |
Publication year: April 2025. |
ISBN: 978-1-904145-36-3 (printed book) | ISSN 2397-7302 (iBOOK, digital version) | Legal copies via British Library. |
 
€225.00
I | Introduction |
THE CHRONICLE | |
II | Prince Charles Foreland | Prins Karls Forland & Forlandsøyane | 16th Century to Present-day Voyages Including: PLATE I. Maps & Charts – Timeline PLATE II. Visitors & Expeditions – Timeline |
III | A Linnaeus Apostle in the Arctic | Anton Rolandsson Martin Including: PLATE III. Meteorological Observations made on a Voyage to Spitsbergen in 1758 |
IV | The History of Nature Protection in Svalbard |
THE AREA | THE EARTH | |
V | The Beginning |
VI | Svalbard, through ice ages to the present-day warming |
THE AREA | WATER | |
VII | Oceanography, marine geology, cryosphere and climate of Svalbard |
THE AREA | ORGANIC | |
VIII | Mammals |
IX | Birds Including: PLATE IV: Bird Observers and Expeditions – Timeline |
X | Fish |
XI | High-arctic plant and fungi life at Prins Karls Forland & Forlandsøyane |
XII | Terrestrial Invertebrates |
THE AREA | THE SKY | |
XIII | Dynamics of the Sky |
XIV | Historical weather data |
NATURAE OBSERVATIO | |
XV | The Field Station Martin’s Eye | Observing without disturbing Including: PLATE V: Panorama 360° |
BRIDGES | |
XVI | Bridges | Bridge Builder Expeditions Spitsbergen | Voyages 2016-2020 Including: PLATE VI: Bridge Builder Expeditions Spitsbergen Voyages I-V & Fieldwork 2016-2020 |
XVII | Destiny |
Bibliography | |
Index | |
List of Illustrations | |
List of writers | |
Colophon |
LIST OF WRITERS
ARNE ARDEBERG
(b. 1940), Professor Emeritus
Division of Astrophysics, Lund University, Sweden & The IK Foundation, England/EU
KRISTINE BAKKE WESTERGAARD
(b. 1979), Associate Professor
Department of Natural History, NTNU University Museum, Norway
GEORG BANGJORD
(b. 1962), Field Inspector
Norwegian Environment Agency, Norway
MÅNS BERGENDAL
(b. 1964), Artist & Ornithologist
Måns’ Watercolors, Sweden
WINFRIED K. DALLMANN
(b. 1956), Associate Professor
Norwegian Polar Institute, Norway
JULIAN DOWDESWELL
(b. 1957), Professor
Scott Polar Research Institute, University of Cambridge, England
IAN GJERTZ
(b. 1952), Senior Advisor Biology
Norwegian Polar Institute, Norway
HARALD GJØSÆTER
(b. 1955), Senior Researcher
Institute of Marine Research, Norway
JONAS HAGSTRÖM
(b. 1959), Curator
Swedish Museum of Natural History, Sweden
LARS HANSEN
(b. 1960), Head at The IK Foundation & Naturalist
The IK Foundation, England / EU
VIVEKA HANSEN
(b. 1962), Textile Historian & Researcher
The IK Foundation, England / EU
ÓLAFUR INGÓLFSSON
(b. 1953), Professor Emeritus
Faculty of Earth Sciences, University of Iceland, Iceland
MARTIN JAKOBSSON
(b. 1966), Professor
Department of Geological Sciences, Stockholm University, Sweden
NINA KIRCHNER
(b. 1972), Professor
Department of Physical Geography at Stockholm University, Sweden
JAN MANGERUD
(b. 1937), Professor Emeritus
Department of Earth Science, University of Bergen & Bjerknes Centre for Climate Research, Norway
FRIDTJOF MEHLUM
(b. 1951), Senior Researcher
The Norwegian Natural History Museum & Norwegian Polar Club, Norway
ANDERS MOBERG
(b. 1961), Docent
Department of Physical Geography, Stockholm University, Sweden
RIKO NOORMETS
(b. 1967), Professor
Marine Geology and Geophysics, UNIS, The University Centre in Svalbard, Norway
GRACE SHEPHARD
(b. 1987), Research Scientist
Department of Geosciences, University of Oslo, Norway

